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BASED ON YOUR SELECTION, THESE ARE YOUR RESULTS.
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Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA)
What is the Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA)?
The Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA) is an evidence-based, self-administered tool that identifies those aged between 18 to 39 years who may be at risk of undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes.
Take the DRA nowIf you have done the DRA and were assessed to be 'at higher risk', you will receive an email for subsidised screening if you meet the eligibility criteria. Please present that email when you are at the clinic for the screening appointment.
Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA)
What is the Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA)?
The Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA) is an evidence-based, self-administered tool that identifies those aged between 18 to 39 years who may be at risk of undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes.
Take the DRA nowIf you have done the DRA and were assessed to be 'at higher risk', you will receive an email for subsidised screening if you meet the eligibility criteria. Please present that email when you are at the clinic for the screening appointment.
Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA)
What is the Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA)?
The Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA) is an evidence-based, self-administered tool that identifies those aged between 18 to 39 years who may be at risk of undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes.
Take the DRA nowIf you have done the DRA and were assessed to be 'at higher risk', you will receive an email for subsidised screening if you meet the eligibility criteria. Please present that email when you are at the clinic for the screening appointment.
Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA)
What is the Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA)?
The Diabetes Risk Assessment (DRA) is an evidence-based, self-administered tool that identifies those aged between 18 to 39 years who may be at risk of undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes.
Take the DRA nowIf you have done the DRA and were assessed to be 'at higher risk', you will receive an email for subsidised screening if you meet the eligibility criteria. Please present that email when you are at the clinic for the screening appointment.
Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is the cancer of the lower part of the womb, i.e. the cervix, which is mostly caused by the presence of a long-lasting high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV infections can be spread via skin-to-skin contact such as sexual activity.
HPV is a common virus and almost everyone will get it at some point in time. Out of over 100 HPV strains, around 14 strains can lead to cervical cancer. While our bodies are able to clear HPV infections on their own, high-risk HPV strains such as HPV 16 and HPV 18 may cause a persistent infection which can then lead to cervical cancer.
Cervical cancer progresses slowly and usually takes up to 15 years to develop, which is why it can be detected early with regular screening.
Am I eligible for cervical cancer screening under Screen for Life?
You are eligible for cervical cancer screening under SFL if you:
- are a female Singapore Citizen aged 25 years or above
- ever had any sexual activity
- have not had a Pap test within the last three years or a HPV test in the last five years
Where can I go for cervical cancer screening under SFL?
Subsidised cervical cancer screening is available at participating CHAS GP clinics. Look for a CHAS GP clinic here and call to confirm that it provides cervical cancer screening service under SFL.
How long do I have to wait for the appointment date?
It will depend on your preferred slot and the availabilities of the CHAS GP clinics. Please call your preferred clinic to check.
What screening test should I go for and how much does it cost?
Age Group
Recommended Test
Participating CHAS GP Clinics
Pioneer Generation (PG)
$0
Merdeka Generation (MG) or CHAS Blue or Orange
$2
Eligible Singapore Citizens / CHAS Green cardholders
$5
This fee includes the cost for the GP consult, as well as the first follow-up visit (if required).
For Permanent Residents, please check in with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under Screen for Life programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What is a Pap or HPV test and how do they screen for cervical cancer?
Both Pap and HPV tests involve collecting a sample of cervical cells. A doctor or nurse will gently insert an instrument (speculum) into the vagina. A small soft brush is then used to collect cells from the cervix and it will be sent to the laboratory for analysis.
If you are 25 to 29 years old
Your cells will be tested for abnormal changes using a Pap test. A HPV test is not recommended as most infections can be easily cleared by one's own body at your age. Doing a HPV test may lead to unnecessary follow-up tests.
If you are 30 years old or above
Your cells will be sent for a more effective HPV test to detect high-risk, cancer-causing HPV strains. This is because while your cells may appear normal, the presence of high-risk HPV strains indicates that the risk of your cells turning abnormal in the future is higher.
How do I prepare for a Pap/HPV test?
Booking your screening
Schedule your appointment two weeks after the start of your period.
48 hours before your screening
- Avoid having sexual intercourse
- Avoid using spermicides, vaginal creams, lubricant, vaginal medications or tampons
How and when will I know my results?
Your results will be ready within four weeks. Your doctor/nurse will advise if a follow-up is required.
How do I interpret the screening results?
You can visit the same clinic for the first follow-up consultation. The GP will explain your results to you if needed. This first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
A normal Pap test result
Your cervical cells are normal. Continue to go for your cervical cancer screening every three years.
An abnormal Pap test result
You might have an infection and/or abnormal cervical cells. This does not mean that you have cervical cancer. Your doctor will review the results and advise you on your treatment accordingly.
No high-risk HPV strains
You are at low risk of developing cervical cancer. Continue to go for your cervical cancer screening every five years.
High-risk HPV strain(s) present
You will be referred to a gynaecologist in the hospital. This does not mean that you have cervical cancer but your risk is higher. The gynaecologist will then advise you if any treatment is necessary.
Other high-risk HPV strains present
Your doctor will ask you to return for another HPV test in a year’s time to see if your body has cleared the virus.
My Pap/HPV test results are normal or showed no high-risk HPV strains. Should I go for cervical cancer screening again?
Yes. You may still be at risk of cervical cancer over time. Cervical cancer screening is recommended every three years if you have done a Pap test and every five years if you have done an HPV test.
My HPV test showed presence of high-risk HPV strains. What should I do?
It does not mean that you have cervical cancer, but there is a risk.
You will be referred for a colposcopy where a trained gynaecologist will examine your cervix in detail. This is only available at the hospital. For more information, please refer to ‘Assessment’.
post screening
An abnormal Pap test result could mean that you might have an infection and/or abnormal cervical cells.
An abnormal HPV test means you have either very high-risk HPV strains or other high-risk strains.
These results do not mean that you have cervical cancer. You are encouraged to go for follow-up tests to get a proper assessment.
What happens if I do not go for assessment?
It is important not to delay going for follow-up tests because if you have high-risk HPV strains, the risk of developing cervical cancer is much higher. Hence, it is best to get assessed and/or treated as early as possible for better results.
How do I make an appointment?
Assessment can be done at either KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), National University Hospital (NUH), or Singapore General Hospital (SGH). Call to make an appointment for your follow-up as soon as possible.
How much does the assessment cost?
Please check with the respective assessment centres on their rates and available subsidies.
What can I expect from the specialist consult?
At the colposcopy clinic, a trained gynaecologist will examine your cervix with a colposcope (big, lighted magnifying glass) and will explain the next steps, depending on the examination of your cervix.
Can I choose to see a specific doctor?
Under the subsidised assessment scheme, you will not be able to choose your own doctor. By choosing to see a doctor of your choice, you will be considered as a private patient and the costs will no longer be subsidised.
What tests are included in an assessment?
Depending on your Pap/HPV test result, you may be recommended to undergo a colposcopy.
A colposcopy involves examining the cervix using a colposcope (a big lighted magnifying glass). Samples of cells may be taken for analysis if necessary (biopsy). The different types of biopsies are as follows:
Punch biopsy
Removes a small area of cervical cells using a small circular blade
Cone biopsy
Removes a cone-shaped area of cervical cells using laser or a scalpel
LEEP/LLETZ
Removes a small area of cervical cells using a heated thin loop wire
Your gynaecologist at the assessment centre will advise which test is suitable for you.
How do I prepare for the assessment tests?
Check with the doctor at the assessment centre on what to prepare for the colposcopy procedure.
How and when will I know my results?
You will be informed of your results either on the same day of the assessment or at the next follow-up appointment.
What are the treatment options for cervical cancer?
When detected in its early stages, treatment for cervical cancer is almost 100% effective. Treatments of early-stage cancer include:
- cone biopsy
- laser surgery
- loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)
- cryosurgery
- hysterectomy
Cervical cancer that invades deeper into the cervix is referred to as invasive cancer and requires more extensive treatment. Treatment options may include:
Radical hysterectomy
Removes the uterus and cervix, and possibly neighbouring organs like the ovaries and fallopian tubes
Radiation therapy
Uses high-powered energy to kill cancer cells
Chemotherapy
Uses strong anti-cancer chemicals to kill cancer cells
How much does the treatment cost and is there any financial aid available?
Treatment cost depends on the treatment option(s) that you are recommended to undergo.
Good, affordable healthcare is available to Singapore Citizens through subsidised medical services offered at public hospitals and polyclinics. Medisave, MediShield Life, ElderShield, CareShield and MediFund schemes can help Singapore Citizens offset their medical expenses.
CHRONIC DISEASES
Chronic diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and high blood cholesterol can be ‘silent’ in the early stages. Even if you have no symptoms and feel completely well, you could have the condition.
Regular screening can help you detect these conditions early, reducing your risk of complications such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure. This allows for more effective treatment and management.
Obesity
Obesity is an excessive storage of body fat that adversely affects health. It can lead to chronic diseases like cardiovascular (heart) disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer.
High blood pressure
High blood pressure (hypertension) is when your blood pressure is measured above normal levels consistently. It can damage blood vessels and increases the risks of kidney and heart diseases and stroke.
High blood cholesterol
High blood cholesterol (hyperlipidaemia) refers to higher than normal level of cholesterol. Persistently high cholesterol levels can lead to the narrowing of blood vessels which can then increase the risk of a heart attack or stroke.
Diabetes
Diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or is unable to effectively use the insulin. Insulin is a hormone that can help your body accept sugars digested from food into your cells where they are converted into energy. Poorly controlled diabetes can lead to nerve damage, kidney failure, heart attack, and stroke.
-
Check
Eligibility -
Make an
appointment -
Screening
test at
CHAS GP clinic -
Screening
results -
Post-
screening
Am I eligible for chronic disease screening
under Screen for Life (SFL)?
You can screen for chronic diseases under SFL if you
- are aged 40 years or above
- have no prior history of high blood pressure, diabetes, or high blood cholesterol
- have not gone for screening in the last three years
People who are already diagnosed with high blood pressure, diabetes, or high blood cholesterol are not eligible for chronic disease screening under SFL. You are encouraged to continue your regular consultation and routine monitoring of laboratory tests with your family doctor.
You do not need an invitation letter to go for chronic disease screening and CHAS GP clinics can also check if you are eligible to screen via their clinic system.
Where can I go for SFL screening?
SFL screening is available at participating Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) General Practitioner (GP) clinics island wide.
You may use the clinic locator here to find your nearest CHAS GP clinic. You are strongly encouraged to call and make an appointment with your preferred CHAS GP clinic and find out what you will need to prepare for your screening appointment.
How long do I have to wait for the appointment date?
It will depend on your availability and the availabilities of your preferred CHAS GP clinic. Do call the clinic ahead to check with them.
How much does SFL screening cost and what does it cover?
With the SFL subsidy, Singapore Citizens pay $5 or less per screening visit.
Pioneer
Generation
cardholders
$0
CHAS Blue or
Orange/
Merdeka
Generation
cardholders
$2
Eligible Singapore
Citizens/ CHAS Green
cardholders
$5
This screening cost includes the cost of the recommended screening tests done within the same visit and the doctor’s consultation fee, as well as the first follow-up consultation fee for individuals who have been assessed to require one. Individuals who undergo screening test(s) on a separate visit will be charged a separate fixed fee.
For Permanent Residents, please check with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under SFL programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP clinic.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What tests will be performed during chronic disease screening?
Chronic disease screening includes:
Obesity
High blood pressure
High blood cholesterol
Diabetes
To screen for obesity, height and weight (to calculate the Body Mass Index, BMI), and waist circumference will be measured.
To screen for high blood pressure, a blood pressure test is used. A blood pressure cuff will be wrapped around your arm to measure the pressure in your arteries as your heart pumps.
To screen for diabetes and high blood cholesterol, a fasting/non-fasting venous blood test (where blood is drawn from the arm vein) will be used to check your blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Ask your doctor if the non-fasting blood test is suitable for you.
How do I prepare for the screening tests?
- If you are taking the fasting blood test, do avoid food and drinks (except water) for eight to ten hours before doing the blood test.
- There are also non-fasting tests available for blood cholesterol and diabetes screening. Please speak to your GP to find out if you are eligible.
- Bring your NRIC and CHAS/MG/PG card (if applicable) to the clinic for the screening appointment.
- If you are unwell or on medication, check with your doctor if you can still proceed to take the test.
How long does it take to do the screening tests?
The chronic disease screening tests usually take 10 to 15 minutes.
How and when will I know my results?
The CHAS GP clinic should contact you approximately within two weeks once your results are ready. If required, you may return to the clinic for the first follow-up consultation. Please note that this first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
My screening results are normal. When should I go for chronic disease screening again?
You are recommended to go for chronic disease screening once every three years.
I have been diagnosed with chronic disease(s).
Why and how should I control my chronic disease?
Chronic diseases can progress and cause various complications if left unmanaged. However, these diseases can be controlled to reduce the risk of complications with the help of medications recommended by your doctor and by adopting the following lifestyle habits:
Stop
smokingExercise
adequatelyDiet
controlMaintaining a healthy weight
What are other risk factors of cardiovascular complications?
- increasing age
- smoking
- obesity
- sedentary lifestyle/lack of physical activity
- family history of stroke or heart attack
Is there any financial aid available to help with the cost of treatment?
Merdeka Generation (MG), Pioneer Generation (PG) and CHAS card holders can utilise the subsidy available for chronic disease management.
You can also use your Medisave to pay part of the cost under the Chronic Disease Management Programme (CDMP).
CHRONIC DISEASES
Chronic diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and high blood cholesterol can be ‘silent’ in the early stages. Even if you have no symptoms and feel completely well, you could have the condition.
Regular screening can help you detect these conditions early, reducing your risk of complications such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure. This allows for more effective treatment and management.
Obesity
Obesity is an excessive storage of body fat that adversely affects health. It can lead to chronic diseases like cardiovascular (heart) disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer.
High blood pressure
High blood pressure (hypertension) is when your blood pressure is measured above normal levels consistently. It can damage blood vessels and increases the risks of kidney and heart diseases and stroke.
High blood cholesterol
High blood cholesterol (hyperlipidaemia) refers to higher than normal level of cholesterol. Persistently high cholesterol levels can lead to the narrowing of blood vessels which can then increase the risk of a heart attack or stroke.
Diabetes
Diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or is unable to effectively use the insulin. Insulin is a hormone that can help your body accept sugars digested from food into your cells where they are converted into energy. Poorly controlled diabetes can lead to nerve damage, kidney failure, heart attack, and stroke.
-
Check
Eligibility -
Make an
appointment -
Screening
test at
CHAS GP clinic -
Screening
results -
Post-
screening
Am I eligible for chronic disease screening
under Screen for Life (SFL)?
You can screen for chronic diseases under SFL if you
- are aged 40 years or above
- have no prior history of high blood pressure, diabetes, or high blood cholesterol
- have not gone for screening in the last three years
People who are already diagnosed with high blood pressure, diabetes, or high blood cholesterol are not eligible for chronic disease screening under SFL. You are encouraged to continue your regular consultation and routine monitoring of laboratory tests with your family doctor.
You do not need an invitation letter to go for chronic disease screening and CHAS GP clinics can also check if you are eligible to screen via their clinic system.
Where can I go for SFL screening?
SFL screening is available at participating Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) General Practitioner (GP) clinics island wide.
You may use the clinic locator here to find your nearest CHAS GP clinic. You are strongly encouraged to call and make an appointment with your preferred CHAS GP clinic and find out what you will need to prepare for your screening appointment.
How long do I have to wait for the appointment date?
It will depend on your availability and the availabilities of your preferred CHAS GP clinic. Do call the clinic ahead to check with them.
How much does SFL screening cost and what does it cover?
With the SFL subsidy, Singapore Citizens pay $5 or less per screening visit.
Pioneer
Generation
cardholders
$0
CHAS Blue or
Orange/
Merdeka
Generation
cardholders
$2
Eligible Singapore
Citizens/ CHAS Green
cardholders
$5
This screening cost includes the cost of the recommended screening tests done within the same visit and the doctor’s consultation fee, as well as the first follow-up consultation fee for individuals who have been assessed to require one. Individuals who undergo screening test(s) on a separate visit will be charged a separate fixed fee.
For Permanent Residents, please check with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under SFL programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP clinic.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What tests will be performed during chronic disease screening?
Chronic disease screening includes:
Obesity
High blood pressure
High blood cholesterol
Diabetes
To screen for obesity, height and weight (to calculate the Body Mass Index, BMI), and waist circumference will be measured.
To screen for high blood pressure, a blood pressure test is used. A blood pressure cuff will be wrapped around your arm to measure the pressure in your arteries as your heart pumps.
To screen for diabetes and high blood cholesterol, a fasting/non-fasting venous blood test (where blood is drawn from the arm vein) will be used to check your blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Ask your doctor if the non-fasting blood test is suitable for you.
How do I prepare for the screening tests?
- If you are taking the fasting blood test, do avoid food and drinks (except water) for eight to ten hours before doing the blood test.
- There are also non-fasting tests available for blood cholesterol and diabetes screening. Please speak to your GP to find out if you are eligible.
- Bring your NRIC and CHAS/MG/PG card (if applicable) to the clinic for the screening appointment.
- If you are unwell or on medication, check with your doctor if you can still proceed to take the test.
How long does it take to do the screening tests?
The chronic disease screening tests usually take 10 to 15 minutes.
How and when will I know my results?
The CHAS GP clinic should contact you approximately within two weeks once your results are ready. If required, you may return to the clinic for the first follow-up consultation. Please note that this first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
My screening results are normal. When should I go for chronic disease screening again?
You are recommended to go for chronic disease screening once every three years.
I have been diagnosed with chronic disease(s).
Why and how should I control my chronic disease?
Chronic diseases can progress and cause various complications if left unmanaged. However, these diseases can be controlled to reduce the risk of complications with the help of medications recommended by your doctor and by adopting the following lifestyle habits:
Stop
smokingExercise
adequatelyDiet
controlMaintaining a healthy weight
What are other risk factors of cardiovascular complications?
- increasing age
- smoking
- obesity
- sedentary lifestyle/lack of physical activity
- family history of stroke or heart attack
Is there any financial aid available to help with the cost of treatment?
Merdeka Generation (MG), Pioneer Generation (PG) and CHAS card holders can utilise the subsidy available for chronic disease management.
You can also use your Medisave to pay part of the cost under the Chronic Disease Management Programme (CDMP).
Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is the cancer of the lower part of the womb, i.e. the cervix, which is mostly caused by the presence of a long-lasting high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV infections can be spread via skin-to-skin contact such as sexual activity.
HPV is a common virus and almost everyone will get it at some point in time. Out of over 100 HPV strains, around 14 strains can lead to cervical cancer. While our bodies are able to clear HPV infections on their own, high-risk HPV strains such as HPV 16 and HPV 18 may cause a persistent infection which can then lead to cervical cancer.
Cervical cancer progresses slowly and usually takes up to 15 years to develop, which is why it can be detected early with regular screening.
Am I eligible for cervical cancer screening under Screen for Life?
You are eligible for cervical cancer screening under SFL if you:
- are a female Singapore Citizen aged 25 years or above
- ever had any sexual activity
- have not had a Pap test within the last three years or a HPV test in the last five years
Where can I go for cervical cancer screening under SFL?
Subsidised cervical cancer screening is available at participating CHAS GP clinics. Look for a CHAS GP clinic here and call to confirm that it provides cervical cancer screening service under SFL.
How long do I have to wait for the appointment date?
It will depend on your preferred slot and the availabilities of the CHAS GP clinics. Please call your preferred clinic to check.
What screening test should I go for and how much does it cost?
Age Group
Recommended Test
Participating CHAS GP Clinics
Pioneer Generation (PG)
$0
Merdeka Generation (MG) or CHAS Blue or Orange
$2
Eligible Singapore Citizens / CHAS Green cardholders
$5
This fee includes the cost for the GP consult, as well as the first follow-up visit (if required).
For Permanent Residents, please check in with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under Screen for Life programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What is a Pap or HPV test and how do they screen for cervical cancer?
Both Pap and HPV tests involve collecting a sample of cervical cells. A doctor or nurse will gently insert an instrument (speculum) into the vagina. A small soft brush is then used to collect cells from the cervix and it will be sent to the laboratory for analysis.
If you are 25 to 29 years old
Your cells will be tested for abnormal changes using a Pap test. A HPV test is not recommended as most infections can be easily cleared by one's own body at your age. Doing a HPV test may lead to unnecessary follow-up tests.
If you are 30 years old or above
Your cells will be sent for a more effective HPV test to detect high-risk, cancer-causing HPV strains. This is because while your cells may appear normal, the presence of high-risk HPV strains indicates that the risk of your cells turning abnormal in the future is higher.
How do I prepare for a Pap/HPV test?
Booking your screening
Schedule your appointment two weeks after the start of your period.
48 hours before your screening
- Avoid having sexual intercourse
- Avoid using spermicides, vaginal creams, lubricant, vaginal medications or tampons
How and when will I know my results?
Your results will be ready within four weeks. Your doctor/nurse will advise if a follow-up is required.
How do I interpret the screening results?
You can visit the same clinic for the first follow-up consultation. The GP will explain your results to you if needed. This first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
A normal Pap test result
Your cervical cells are normal. Continue to go for your cervical cancer screening every three years.
An abnormal Pap test result
You might have an infection and/or abnormal cervical cells. This does not mean that you have cervical cancer. Your doctor will review the results and advise you on your treatment accordingly.
No high-risk HPV strains
You are at low risk of developing cervical cancer. Continue to go for your cervical cancer screening every five years.
High-risk HPV strain(s) present
You will be referred to a gynaecologist in the hospital. This does not mean that you have cervical cancer but your risk is higher. The gynaecologist will then advise you if any treatment is necessary.
Other high-risk HPV strains present
Your doctor will ask you to return for another HPV test in a year’s time to see if your body has cleared the virus.
My Pap/HPV test results are normal or showed no high-risk HPV strains. Should I go for cervical cancer screening again?
Yes. You may still be at risk of cervical cancer over time. Cervical cancer screening is recommended every three years if you have done a Pap test and every five years if you have done an HPV test.
My HPV test showed presence of high-risk HPV strains. What should I do?
It does not mean that you have cervical cancer, but there is a risk.
You will be referred for a colposcopy where a trained gynaecologist will examine your cervix in detail. This is only available at the hospital. For more information, please refer to ‘Assessment’.
post screening
An abnormal Pap test result could mean that you might have an infection and/or abnormal cervical cells.
An abnormal HPV test means you have either very high-risk HPV strains or other high-risk strains.
These results do not mean that you have cervical cancer. You are encouraged to go for follow-up tests to get a proper assessment.
What happens if I do not go for assessment?
It is important not to delay going for follow-up tests because if you have high-risk HPV strains, the risk of developing cervical cancer is much higher. Hence, it is best to get assessed and/or treated as early as possible for better results.
How do I make an appointment?
Assessment can be done at either KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), National University Hospital (NUH), or Singapore General Hospital (SGH). Call to make an appointment for your follow-up as soon as possible.
How much does the assessment cost?
Please check with the respective assessment centres on their rates and available subsidies.
What can I expect from the specialist consult?
At the colposcopy clinic, a trained gynaecologist will examine your cervix with a colposcope (big, lighted magnifying glass) and will explain the next steps, depending on the examination of your cervix.
Can I choose to see a specific doctor?
Under the subsidised assessment scheme, you will not be able to choose your own doctor. By choosing to see a doctor of your choice, you will be considered as a private patient and the costs will no longer be subsidised.
What tests are included in an assessment?
Depending on your Pap/HPV test result, you may be recommended to undergo a colposcopy.
A colposcopy involves examining the cervix using a colposcope (a big lighted magnifying glass). Samples of cells may be taken for analysis if necessary (biopsy). The different types of biopsies are as follows:
Punch biopsy
Removes a small area of cervical cells using a small circular blade
Cone biopsy
Removes a cone-shaped area of cervical cells using laser or a scalpel
LEEP/LLETZ
Removes a small area of cervical cells using a heated thin loop wire
Your gynaecologist at the assessment centre will advise which test is suitable for you.
How do I prepare for the assessment tests?
Check with the doctor at the assessment centre on what to prepare for the colposcopy procedure.
How and when will I know my results?
You will be informed of your results either on the same day of the assessment or at the next follow-up appointment.
What are the treatment options for cervical cancer?
When detected in its early stages, treatment for cervical cancer is almost 100% effective. Treatments of early-stage cancer include:
- cone biopsy
- laser surgery
- loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)
- cryosurgery
- hysterectomy
Cervical cancer that invades deeper into the cervix is referred to as invasive cancer and requires more extensive treatment. Treatment options may include:
Radical hysterectomy
Removes the uterus and cervix, and possibly neighbouring organs like the ovaries and fallopian tubes
Radiation therapy
Uses high-powered energy to kill cancer cells
Chemotherapy
Uses strong anti-cancer chemicals to kill cancer cells
How much does the treatment cost and is there any financial aid available?
Treatment cost depends on the treatment option(s) that you are recommended to undergo.
Good, affordable healthcare is available to Singapore Citizens through subsidised medical services offered at public hospitals and polyclinics. Medisave, MediShield Life, ElderShield, CareShield and MediFund schemes can help Singapore Citizens offset their medical expenses.
CHRONIC DISEASES
Chronic diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and high blood cholesterol can be ‘silent’ in the early stages. Even if you have no symptoms and feel completely well, you could have the condition.
Regular screening can help you detect these conditions early, reducing your risk of complications such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure. This allows for more effective treatment and management.
Obesity
Obesity is an excessive storage of body fat that adversely affects health. It can lead to chronic diseases like cardiovascular (heart) disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer.
High blood pressure
High blood pressure (hypertension) is when your blood pressure is measured above normal levels consistently. It can damage blood vessels and increases the risks of kidney and heart diseases and stroke.
High blood cholesterol
High blood cholesterol (hyperlipidaemia) refers to higher than normal level of cholesterol. Persistently high cholesterol levels can lead to the narrowing of blood vessels which can then increase the risk of a heart attack or stroke.
Diabetes
Diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or is unable to effectively use the insulin. Insulin is a hormone that can help your body accept sugars digested from food into your cells where they are converted into energy. Poorly controlled diabetes can lead to nerve damage, kidney failure, heart attack, and stroke.
-
Check
Eligibility -
Make an
appointment -
Screening
test at
CHAS GP clinic -
Screening
results -
Post-
screening
Am I eligible for chronic disease screening
under Screen for Life (SFL)?
You can screen for chronic diseases under SFL if you
- are aged 40 years or above
- have no prior history of high blood pressure, diabetes, or high blood cholesterol
- have not gone for screening in the last three years
People who are already diagnosed with high blood pressure, diabetes, or high blood cholesterol are not eligible for chronic disease screening under SFL. You are encouraged to continue your regular consultation and routine monitoring of laboratory tests with your family doctor.
You do not need an invitation letter to go for chronic disease screening and CHAS GP clinics can also check if you are eligible to screen via their clinic system.
Where can I go for SFL screening?
SFL screening is available at participating Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) General Practitioner (GP) clinics island wide.
You may use the clinic locator here to find your nearest CHAS GP clinic. You are strongly encouraged to call and make an appointment with your preferred CHAS GP clinic and find out what you will need to prepare for your screening appointment.
How long do I have to wait for the appointment date?
It will depend on your availability and the availabilities of your preferred CHAS GP clinic. Do call the clinic ahead to check with them.
How much does SFL screening cost and what does it cover?
With the SFL subsidy, Singapore Citizens pay $5 or less per screening visit.
Pioneer
Generation
cardholders
$0
CHAS Blue or
Orange/
Merdeka
Generation
cardholders
$2
Eligible Singapore
Citizens/ CHAS Green
cardholders
$5
This screening cost includes the cost of the recommended screening tests done within the same visit and the doctor’s consultation fee, as well as the first follow-up consultation fee for individuals who have been assessed to require one. Individuals who undergo screening test(s) on a separate visit will be charged a separate fixed fee.
For Permanent Residents, please check with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under SFL programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP clinic.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What tests will be performed during chronic disease screening?
Chronic disease screening includes:
Obesity
High blood pressure
High blood cholesterol
Diabetes
To screen for obesity, height and weight (to calculate the Body Mass Index, BMI), and waist circumference will be measured.
To screen for high blood pressure, a blood pressure test is used. A blood pressure cuff will be wrapped around your arm to measure the pressure in your arteries as your heart pumps.
To screen for diabetes and high blood cholesterol, a fasting/non-fasting venous blood test (where blood is drawn from the arm vein) will be used to check your blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Ask your doctor if the non-fasting blood test is suitable for you.
How do I prepare for the screening tests?
- If you are taking the fasting blood test, do avoid food and drinks (except water) for eight to ten hours before doing the blood test.
- There are also non-fasting tests available for blood cholesterol and diabetes screening. Please speak to your GP to find out if you are eligible.
- Bring your NRIC and CHAS/MG/PG card (if applicable) to the clinic for the screening appointment.
- If you are unwell or on medication, check with your doctor if you can still proceed to take the test.
How long does it take to do the screening tests?
The chronic disease screening tests usually take 10 to 15 minutes.
How and when will I know my results?
The CHAS GP clinic should contact you approximately within two weeks once your results are ready. If required, you may return to the clinic for the first follow-up consultation. Please note that this first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
My screening results are normal. When should I go for chronic disease screening again?
You are recommended to go for chronic disease screening once every three years.
I have been diagnosed with chronic disease(s).
Why and how should I control my chronic disease?
Chronic diseases can progress and cause various complications if left unmanaged. However, these diseases can be controlled to reduce the risk of complications with the help of medications recommended by your doctor and by adopting the following lifestyle habits:
Stop
smokingExercise
adequatelyDiet
controlMaintaining a healthy weight
What are other risk factors of cardiovascular complications?
- increasing age
- smoking
- obesity
- sedentary lifestyle/lack of physical activity
- family history of stroke or heart attack
Is there any financial aid available to help with the cost of treatment?
Merdeka Generation (MG), Pioneer Generation (PG) and CHAS card holders can utilise the subsidy available for chronic disease management.
You can also use your Medisave to pay part of the cost under the Chronic Disease Management Programme (CDMP).
colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer is cancer of the colon (the main part of the large intestine) and the rectum (the passageway connecting the colon to the anus).
When detected early, colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable cancers. Colorectal cancer has a detectable pre-cancerous phase (adenoma) and a relatively long duration of transformation to cancer. Mortality from colorectal cancer can be reduced by regular screening of asymptomatic individuals.
Under the Screen for Life (SFL) programme, screening for colorectal cancer is offered with the Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT).
Am I eligible for colorectal cancer screening under
Screen for Life (SFL)?
You are eligible for colorectal cancer screening with a Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) under SFL if you are a Singaporean aged 50 years old or above, and have not done a FIT within one year. If you have colorectal cancer, the screening test may not be applicable for you. Please see your doctor regularly for follow-up.
CHECK YOUR ELIGIBILITYWhat is a Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) kit and how does it screen for colorectal cancer?
Blood in stools may be due to bleeding in the inner lining of the large intestine. There are many causes of bleeding, such as a polyp growth, an infection or cancer. FIT detects presence of small amount of blood that you might not be able to see, and which could be a sign of cancer.
It is quick and easy to do and can be done in the comfort of your home without the need to change your diet before the test. Studies show a 33% reduction in colorectal cancer mortality when screening is done with a FIT. Further evaluation will be recommended if any of the stool samples provided by the patient is positive.
Where can I go to collect the FIT kits under SFL?
You can collect your FIT kits at a Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) General Practitioner (GP) clinic. The package will contain specific instructions on how to do the test, two FIT kits, two business reply envelopes (to be sent to the lab), two absorbent sheets and two small zip lock bags (for you to seal up the FIT kit with when mailing out the sample).
How much does a colorectal cancer screening cost under SFL and what does it cover?
With the SFL subsidy, Singapore Citizens pay $5 or less per screening visit.
For Permanent Residents, please check in with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under Screen for Life programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP.
Pioneer Generation (PG)
$0
CHAS Blue or
Orange/
Merdeka
Generation
cardholders
$2
Eligible Singapore
Citizens / CHAS Green cardholders
$5
This cost covers the cost of the FIT, doctor’s consultation fee for the visit, and the first follow-up consultation, if you require one.
You may look for a CHAS GP clinic via the clinic locator here and call to find out if they provide colorectal cancer screening services under SFL.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What should I do after I have collected my FIT kits?
No fasting or dietary restriction is required. Collect two stool samples over two days for a more accurate result and send in each sample within 24 hours of collecting it.
Follow the steps below to collect your stool sample and send the samples back with the business reply envelopes provided.
You should complete the steps within two weeks from the collection of the FIT kits.
Step 1
Write your name, identification number and the sample collection date on the label.
Step 2
Open the FIT kit.
(a) Twist the cap to the left.
(b) Pull out the cap with the stick from the kit.
Step 3
Hold the stick straight down. Scrape up and down two to three times and left to right two to three times across the stool surface.
Step 4
Collect only a small amount of stool.
Step 5
Insert the stick into the FIT kit. Twist the cap to close tightly. Shake the FIT kit two to three times.
How and when will I know my results?
Your CHAS GP clinic will contact you within one to two weeks once your results are ready. You can then proceed down to the clinic for the first follow-up consultation (if required). Please note that this first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
My screening results are normal. Should I go for colorectal cancer screening again?
Yes. You are recommended to screen for colorectal cancer via FIT annually or with a colonoscopy every five to ten years.
My screening results are abnormal. What should I do?
If the test shows a positive result (abnormal), it means that the amount of blood present in your stool is higher than normal. However, it does not mean that you have cancer and further testing is necessary to confirm. Your doctor will advise you on what further tests you may need, such as a colonoscopy. For more information, please refer to ‘Assessment’.
post screening
What happens if I do not go for assessment?
Early stages of colorectal cancer usually present no symptoms. You are strongly encouraged to go for assessment to find out the cause of the abnormality detected in the FIT. Colorectal cancer is highly treatable when found early.
How do I make an appointment?
Assessment can be done at selected public hospitals (Assessment Centres). If your FIT result is positive, a programme/nurse coordinator will call you to schedule an appointment at the Assessment Centre that is closest to your residential address.
If you do not receive a call from the programme/nurse coordinator after two weeks of receiving your abnormal FIT result, you may call the HPB HealthLine at 1800 223 1313*.
*Kindly note that airtime charges apply for mobile calls to 1800 service lines and calls are free of charge only if made from regular land lines.
How much does the assessment cost?
Do check with the respective assessment centres on their rates and available subsidies.
What can I expect from the specialist consult?
You will be reviewed at the colorectal specialist clinic by a doctor who will assess if you should do a colonoscopy as a follow-up test.
Can I choose to see a specific doctor?
Under the subsidised assessment, you are not able to choose your own doctor. By choosing to see a doctor of your choice for assessment, you will be considered as a private patient and the costs will no longer be subsidised.
What tests are included in an assessment?
Most people with a positive FIT result will be recommended for a colonoscopy to investigate the cause.
Colonoscopy is the gold standard for complete large bowel evaluation. It looks at the inner lining of the large intestine (colon and rectum). It takes about 20 to 30 minutes.
What should I do before colonoscopy?
The day before the colonoscopy, you will need to undergo bowel preparation i.e. clear the colon of waste materials.
Eat a light diet
Stop certain medication
Fast and take a special solution to pass out all stools
The doctor will give you detailed advice.
What happens during colonoscopy?
A flexible tube (the colonoscope) is inserted slowly through the anus and guided gently into colon. This may cause some discomfort.
The procedure may be done with sedation to help you relax. Your doctor will discuss this with you before the procedure.
After the procedure, you will rest in a recovery room. When you wake up, you may feel a little bloated. It is best to have a family member or friend to accompany you home, especially if you have had sedation as it is unsafe to drive or travel alone.
How and when will I know my results?
You will be informed at the specialist clinic at the next follow-up appointment.
If your results are normal, your doctor will inform you about the frequency of colorectal cancer screening.
What are the treatment options for colorectal cancer?
Colorectal surgery
Removes section of colon that contains cancer cells
Chemotherapy
Destroys cancer cells after surgery, controls tumour growth or relieves symptoms of colorectal cancer
Radiation therapy
Uses X-rays to kill any cancer cells remaining after surgery, shrink large tumours or relieve symptoms
Your doctor will explain your recommended treatment option(s).
How much does the treatment cost and is there any financial aid available?
Treatment cost ultimately depends on the treatment option(s) that you are recommended to undergo.
Good, affordable basic healthcare is available to Singapore Citizens through subsidised medical services offered at public hospitals and polyclinics. Medisave, MediShield Life, ElderShield, CareShield and MediFund schemes can help Singapore Citizens offset their medical expenses.
CHRONIC DISEASES
Chronic diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and high blood cholesterol can be ‘silent’ in the early stages. Even if you have no symptoms and feel completely well, you could have the condition.
Regular screening can help you detect these conditions early, reducing your risk of complications such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure. This allows for more effective treatment and management.
Obesity
Obesity is an excessive storage of body fat that adversely affects health. It can lead to chronic diseases like cardiovascular (heart) disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer.
High blood pressure
High blood pressure (hypertension) is when your blood pressure is measured above normal levels consistently. It can damage blood vessels and increases the risks of kidney and heart diseases and stroke.
High blood cholesterol
High blood cholesterol (hyperlipidaemia) refers to higher than normal level of cholesterol. Persistently high cholesterol levels can lead to the narrowing of blood vessels which can then increase the risk of a heart attack or stroke.
Diabetes
Diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or is unable to effectively use the insulin. Insulin is a hormone that can help your body accept sugars digested from food into your cells where they are converted into energy. Poorly controlled diabetes can lead to nerve damage, kidney failure, heart attack, and stroke.
-
Check
Eligibility -
Make an
appointment -
Screening
test at
CHAS GP clinic -
Screening
results -
Post-
screening
Am I eligible for chronic disease screening
under Screen for Life (SFL)?
You can screen for chronic diseases under SFL if you
- are aged 40 years or above
- have no prior history of high blood pressure, diabetes, or high blood cholesterol
- have not gone for screening in the last three years
People who are already diagnosed with high blood pressure, diabetes, or high blood cholesterol are not eligible for chronic disease screening under SFL. You are encouraged to continue your regular consultation and routine monitoring of laboratory tests with your family doctor.
You do not need an invitation letter to go for chronic disease screening and CHAS GP clinics can also check if you are eligible to screen via their clinic system.
Where can I go for SFL screening?
SFL screening is available at participating Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) General Practitioner (GP) clinics island wide.
You may use the clinic locator here to find your nearest CHAS GP clinic. You are strongly encouraged to call and make an appointment with your preferred CHAS GP clinic and find out what you will need to prepare for your screening appointment.
How long do I have to wait for the appointment date?
It will depend on your availability and the availabilities of your preferred CHAS GP clinic. Do call the clinic ahead to check with them.
How much does SFL screening cost and what does it cover?
With the SFL subsidy, Singapore Citizens pay $5 or less per screening visit.
Pioneer
Generation
cardholders
$0
CHAS Blue or
Orange/
Merdeka
Generation
cardholders
$2
Eligible Singapore
Citizens/ CHAS Green
cardholders
$5
This screening cost includes the cost of the recommended screening tests done within the same visit and the doctor’s consultation fee, as well as the first follow-up consultation fee for individuals who have been assessed to require one. Individuals who undergo screening test(s) on a separate visit will be charged a separate fixed fee.
For Permanent Residents, please check with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under SFL programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP clinic.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What tests will be performed during chronic disease screening?
Chronic disease screening includes:
Obesity
High blood pressure
High blood cholesterol
Diabetes
To screen for obesity, height and weight (to calculate the Body Mass Index, BMI), and waist circumference will be measured.
To screen for high blood pressure, a blood pressure test is used. A blood pressure cuff will be wrapped around your arm to measure the pressure in your arteries as your heart pumps.
To screen for diabetes and high blood cholesterol, a fasting/non-fasting venous blood test (where blood is drawn from the arm vein) will be used to check your blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Ask your doctor if the non-fasting blood test is suitable for you.
How do I prepare for the screening tests?
- If you are taking the fasting blood test, do avoid food and drinks (except water) for eight to ten hours before doing the blood test.
- There are also non-fasting tests available for blood cholesterol and diabetes screening. Please speak to your GP to find out if you are eligible.
- Bring your NRIC and CHAS/MG/PG card (if applicable) to the clinic for the screening appointment.
- If you are unwell or on medication, check with your doctor if you can still proceed to take the test.
How long does it take to do the screening tests?
The chronic disease screening tests usually take 10 to 15 minutes.
How and when will I know my results?
The CHAS GP clinic should contact you approximately within two weeks once your results are ready. If required, you may return to the clinic for the first follow-up consultation. Please note that this first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
My screening results are normal. When should I go for chronic disease screening again?
You are recommended to go for chronic disease screening once every three years.
I have been diagnosed with chronic disease(s).
Why and how should I control my chronic disease?
Chronic diseases can progress and cause various complications if left unmanaged. However, these diseases can be controlled to reduce the risk of complications with the help of medications recommended by your doctor and by adopting the following lifestyle habits:
Stop
smokingExercise
adequatelyDiet
controlMaintaining a healthy weight
What are other risk factors of cardiovascular complications?
- increasing age
- smoking
- obesity
- sedentary lifestyle/lack of physical activity
- family history of stroke or heart attack
Is there any financial aid available to help with the cost of treatment?
Merdeka Generation (MG), Pioneer Generation (PG) and CHAS card holders can utilise the subsidy available for chronic disease management.
You can also use your Medisave to pay part of the cost under the Chronic Disease Management Programme (CDMP).
colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer is cancer of the colon (the main part of the large intestine) and the rectum (the passageway connecting the colon to the anus).
When detected early, colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable cancers. Colorectal cancer has a detectable pre-cancerous phase (adenoma) and a relatively long duration of transformation to cancer. Mortality from colorectal cancer can be reduced by regular screening of asymptomatic individuals.
Under the Screen for Life (SFL) programme, screening for colorectal cancer is offered with the Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT).
Am I eligible for colorectal cancer screening under
Screen for Life (SFL)?
You are eligible for colorectal cancer screening with a Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) under SFL if you are a Singaporean aged 50 years old or above, and have not done a FIT within one year. If you have colorectal cancer, the screening test may not be applicable for you. Please see your doctor regularly for follow-up.
CHECK YOUR ELIGIBILITYWhat is a Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) kit and how does it screen for colorectal cancer?
Blood in stools may be due to bleeding in the inner lining of the large intestine. There are many causes of bleeding, such as a polyp growth, an infection or cancer. FIT detects presence of small amount of blood that you might not be able to see, and which could be a sign of cancer.
It is quick and easy to do and can be done in the comfort of your home without the need to change your diet before the test. Studies show a 33% reduction in colorectal cancer mortality when screening is done with a FIT. Further evaluation will be recommended if any of the stool samples provided by the patient is positive.
Where can I go to collect the FIT kits under SFL?
You can collect your FIT kits at a Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) General Practitioner (GP) clinic. The package will contain specific instructions on how to do the test, two FIT kits, two business reply envelopes (to be sent to the lab), two absorbent sheets and two small zip lock bags (for you to seal up the FIT kit with when mailing out the sample).
How much does a colorectal cancer screening cost under SFL and what does it cover?
With the SFL subsidy, Singapore Citizens pay $5 or less per screening visit.
For Permanent Residents, please check in with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under Screen for Life programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP.
Pioneer Generation (PG)
$0
CHAS Blue or
Orange/
Merdeka
Generation
cardholders
$2
Eligible Singapore
Citizens / CHAS Green cardholders
$5
This cost covers the cost of the FIT, doctor’s consultation fee for the visit, and the first follow-up consultation, if you require one.
You may look for a CHAS GP clinic via the clinic locator here and call to find out if they provide colorectal cancer screening services under SFL.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What should I do after I have collected my FIT kits?
No fasting or dietary restriction is required. Collect two stool samples over two days for a more accurate result and send in each sample within 24 hours of collecting it.
Follow the steps below to collect your stool sample and send the samples back with the business reply envelopes provided.
You should complete the steps within two weeks from the collection of the FIT kits.
Step 1
Write your name, identification number and the sample collection date on the label.
Step 2
Open the FIT kit.
(a) Twist the cap to the left.
(b) Pull out the cap with the stick from the kit.
Step 3
Hold the stick straight down. Scrape up and down two to three times and left to right two to three times across the stool surface.
Step 4
Collect only a small amount of stool.
Step 5
Insert the stick into the FIT kit. Twist the cap to close tightly. Shake the FIT kit two to three times.
How and when will I know my results?
Your CHAS GP clinic will contact you within one to two weeks once your results are ready. You can then proceed down to the clinic for the first follow-up consultation (if required). Please note that this first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
My screening results are normal. Should I go for colorectal cancer screening again?
Yes. You are recommended to screen for colorectal cancer via FIT annually or with a colonoscopy every five to ten years.
My screening results are abnormal. What should I do?
If the test shows a positive result (abnormal), it means that the amount of blood present in your stool is higher than normal. However, it does not mean that you have cancer and further testing is necessary to confirm. Your doctor will advise you on what further tests you may need, such as a colonoscopy. For more information, please refer to ‘Assessment’.
post screening
What happens if I do not go for assessment?
Early stages of colorectal cancer usually present no symptoms. You are strongly encouraged to go for assessment to find out the cause of the abnormality detected in the FIT. Colorectal cancer is highly treatable when found early.
How do I make an appointment?
Assessment can be done at selected public hospitals (Assessment Centres). If your FIT result is positive, a programme/nurse coordinator will call you to schedule an appointment at the Assessment Centre that is closest to your residential address.If you do not receive a call from the programme/nurse coordinator after two weeks of receiving your abnormal FIT result, you may call the HPB HealthLine at 1800 223 1313*.
*Kindly note that airtime charges apply for mobile calls to 1800 service lines and calls are free of charge only if made from regular land lines.
How much does the assessment cost?
Do check with the respective assessment centres on their rates and available subsidies.
What can I expect from the specialist consult?
You will be reviewed at the colorectal specialist clinic by a doctor who will assess if you should do a colonoscopy as a follow-up test.
Can I choose to see a specific doctor?
Under the subsidised assessment, you are not able to choose your own doctor. By choosing to see a doctor of your choice for assessment, you will be considered as a private patient and the costs will no longer be subsidised.
What tests are included in an assessment?
Most people with a positive FIT result will be recommended for a colonoscopy to investigate the cause.
Colonoscopy is the gold standard for complete large bowel evaluation. It looks at the inner lining of the large intestine (colon and rectum). It takes about 20 to 30 minutes.
What should I do before colonoscopy?
The day before the colonoscopy, you will need to undergo bowel preparation i.e. clear the colon of waste materials.
Eat a light diet
Stop certain medication
Fast and take a special solution to pass out all stools
The doctor will give you detailed advice.
What happens during colonoscopy?
A flexible tube (the colonoscope) is inserted slowly through the anus and guided gently into colon. This may cause some discomfort.
The procedure may be done with sedation to help you relax. Your doctor will discuss this with you before the procedure.
After the procedure, you will rest in a recovery room. When you wake up, you may feel a little bloated. It is best to have a family member or friend to accompany you home, especially if you have had sedation as it is unsafe to drive or travel alone.
How and when will I know my results?
You will be informed at the specialist clinic at the next follow-up appointment.
If your results are normal, your doctor will inform you about the frequency of colorectal cancer screening.
What are the treatment options for colorectal cancer?
Colorectal surgery
Removes section of colon that contains cancer cells
Chemotherapy
Destroys cancer cells after surgery, controls tumour growth or relieves symptoms of colorectal cancer
Radiation therapy
Uses X-rays to kill any cancer cells remaining after surgery, shrink large tumours or relieve symptoms
Your doctor will explain your recommended treatment option(s).
How much does the treatment cost and is there any financial aid available?
Treatment cost ultimately depends on the treatment option(s) that you are recommended to undergo.
Good, affordable basic healthcare is available to Singapore Citizens through subsidised medical services offered at public hospitals and polyclinics. Medisave, MediShield Life, ElderShield, CareShield and MediFund schemes can help Singapore Citizens offset their medical expenses.
Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is the cancer of the lower part of the womb, i.e. the cervix, which is mostly caused by the presence of a long-lasting high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV infections can be spread via skin-to-skin contact such as sexual activity.
HPV is a common virus and almost everyone will get it at some point in time. Out of over 100 HPV strains, around 14 strains can lead to cervical cancer. While our bodies are able to clear HPV infections on their own, high-risk HPV strains such as HPV 16 and HPV 18 may cause a persistent infection which can then lead to cervical cancer.
Cervical cancer progresses slowly and usually takes up to 15 years to develop, which is why it can be detected early with regular screening.
Am I eligible for cervical cancer screening under Screen for Life?
You are eligible for cervical cancer screening under SFL if you:
- are a female Singapore Citizen aged 25 years or above
- ever had any sexual activity
- have not had a Pap test within the last three years or a HPV test in the last five years
Where can I go for cervical cancer screening under SFL?
Subsidised cervical cancer screening is available at participating CHAS GP clinics. Look for a CHAS GP clinic here and call to confirm that it provides cervical cancer screening service under SFL.
How long do I have to wait for the appointment date?
It will depend on your preferred slot and the availabilities of the CHAS GP clinics. Please call your preferred clinic to check.
What screening test should I go for and how much does it cost?
Age Group
Recommended Test
Participating CHAS GP Clinics
Pioneer Generation (PG)
$0
Merdeka Generation (MG) or CHAS Blue or Orange
$2
Eligible Singapore Citizens / CHAS Green cardholders
$5
This fee includes the cost for the GP consult, as well as the first follow-up visit (if required).
For Permanent Residents, please check in with your CHAS GP clinic on the screening test rates offered under Screen for Life programme. The prevailing doctor consultation will be charged accordingly by the respective CHAS GP.
For Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, nationally-recommended screening under Screen for Life will be fully subsidised at their enrolled HSG clinic. You can check with your enrolled HSG clinic when your recommended screening is due.
What is a Pap or HPV test and how do they screen for cervical cancer?
Both Pap and HPV tests involve collecting a sample of cervical cells. A doctor or nurse will gently insert an instrument (speculum) into the vagina. A small soft brush is then used to collect cells from the cervix and it will be sent to the laboratory for analysis.
If you are 25 to 29 years old
Your cells will be tested for abnormal changes using a Pap test. A HPV test is not recommended as most infections can be easily cleared by one's own body at your age. Doing a HPV test may lead to unnecessary follow-up tests.
If you are 30 years old or above
Your cells will be sent for a more effective HPV test to detect high-risk, cancer-causing HPV strains. This is because while your cells may appear normal, the presence of high-risk HPV strains indicates that the risk of your cells turning abnormal in the future is higher.
How do I prepare for a Pap/HPV test?
Booking your screening
Schedule your appointment two weeks after the start of your period.
48 hours before your screening
- Avoid having sexual intercourse
- Avoid using spermicides, vaginal creams, lubricant, vaginal medications or tampons
How and when will I know my results?
Your results will be ready within four weeks. Your doctor/nurse will advise if a follow-up is required.
How do I interpret the screening results?
You can visit the same clinic for the first follow-up consultation. The GP will explain your results to you if needed. This first follow-up consultation is covered within the SFL subsidy.
A normal Pap test result
Your cervical cells are normal. Continue to go for your cervical cancer screening every three years.
An abnormal Pap test result
You might have an infection and/or abnormal cervical cells. This does not mean that you have cervical cancer. Your doctor will review the results and advise you on your treatment accordingly.
No high-risk HPV strains
You are at low risk of developing cervical cancer. Continue to go for your cervical cancer screening every five years.
High-risk HPV strain(s) present
You will be referred to a gynaecologist in the hospital. This does not mean that you have cervical cancer but your risk is higher. The gynaecologist will then advise you if any treatment is necessary.
Other high-risk HPV strains present
Your doctor will ask you to return for another HPV test in a year’s time to see if your body has cleared the virus.
My Pap/HPV test results are normal or showed no high-risk HPV strains. Should I go for cervical cancer screening again?
Yes. You may still be at risk of cervical cancer over time. Cervical cancer screening is recommended every three years if you have done a Pap test and every five years if you have done an HPV test.
My HPV test showed presence of high-risk HPV strains. What should I do?
It does not mean that you have cervical cancer, but there is a risk.
You will be referred for a colposcopy where a trained gynaecologist will examine your cervix in detail. This is only available at the hospital. For more information, please refer to ‘Assessment’.
post screening
An abnormal Pap test result could mean that you might have an infection and/or abnormal cervical cells.
An abnormal HPV test means you have either very high-risk HPV strains or other high-risk strains.
These results do not mean that you have cervical cancer. You are encouraged to go for follow-up tests to get a proper assessment.
What happens if I do not go for assessment?
It is important not to delay going for follow-up tests because if you have high-risk HPV strains, the risk of developing cervical cancer is much higher. Hence, it is best to get assessed and/or treated as early as possible for better results.
How do I make an appointment?
Assessment can be done at either KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), National University Hospital (NUH), or Singapore General Hospital (SGH). Call to make an appointment for your follow-up as soon as possible.
How much does the assessment cost?
Please check with the respective assessment centres on their rates and available subsidies.
What can I expect from the specialist consult?
At the colposcopy clinic, a trained gynaecologist will examine your cervix with a colposcope (big, lighted magnifying glass) and will explain the next steps, depending on the examination of your cervix.
Can I choose to see a specific doctor?
Under the subsidised assessment scheme, you will not be able to choose your own doctor. By choosing to see a doctor of your choice, you will be considered as a private patient and the costs will no longer be subsidised.
What tests are included in an assessment?
Depending on your Pap/HPV test result, you may be recommended to undergo a colposcopy.
A colposcopy involves examining the cervix using a colposcope (a big lighted magnifying glass). Samples of cells may be taken for analysis if necessary (biopsy). The different types of biopsies are as follows:
Punch biopsy
Removes a small area of cervical cells using a small circular blade
Cone biopsy
Removes a cone-shaped area of cervical cells using laser or a scalpel
LEEP/LLETZ
Removes a small area of cervical cells using a heated thin loop wire
Your gynaecologist at the assessment centre will advise which test is suitable for you.
How do I prepare for the assessment tests?
Check with the doctor at the assessment centre on what to prepare for the colposcopy procedure.
How and when will I know my results?
You will be informed of your results either on the same day of the assessment or at the next follow-up appointment.
What are the treatment options for cervical cancer?
When detected in its early stages, treatment for cervical cancer is almost 100% effective. Treatments of early-stage cancer include:
- cone biopsy
- laser surgery
- loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)
- cryosurgery
- hysterectomy
Cervical cancer that invades deeper into the cervix is referred to as invasive cancer and requires more extensive treatment. Treatment options may include:
Radical hysterectomy
Removes the uterus and cervix, and possibly neighbouring organs like the ovaries and fallopian tubes
Radiation therapy
Uses high-powered energy to kill cancer cells
Chemotherapy
Uses strong anti-cancer chemicals to kill cancer cells
How much does the treatment cost and is there any financial aid available?
Treatment cost depends on the treatment option(s) that you are recommended to undergo.
Good, affordable healthcare is available to Singapore Citizens through subsidised medical services offered at public hospitals and polyclinics. Medisave, MediShield Life, ElderShield, CareShield and MediFund schemes can help Singapore Citizens offset their medical expenses.
Breast cancer
Breast cancer is the number one women’s cancer in Singapore. The risk of breast cancer increases with age. The best way to protect yourself is to go for regular mammograms.
A mammogram can detect tiny lumps that cannot be felt by the hand. Early detection and treatment can lower the risk of serious complications and death.
Mammogram is available under the Screen for Life (SFL) programme at a highly subsidised rate.
Am I eligible for breast cancer screening under Screen for Life (SFL)?
You are eligible for mammogram under SFL if:
1. You are a female
aged 50 years or above
aged 40 to 49 and your doctor has recommended you to go for a mammogram
2. You currently do not have any of the breast symptoms below:
- painless lump
- persistent rash around nipple
- bleeding or unusual discharge from nipple
- swollen or thickened skin
- dented inwards or folded outwards skin
- retracted nipple
If you notice any of these changes, please consult a doctor immediately.
3. You have not gone for a mammogram:
Within the past two years if aged 50 or above
Within the past one year, if recommended to attend a mammogram and between 40 to 49 years old
Where can I go for breast cancer screening under SFL?
Mammogram is only available at the participating centres below. You are strongly encouraged to call ahead to make an appointment.
Call 6275 6443
Ang Mo Kio Polyclinic
Hougang Polyclinic
Kallang Polyclinic
Khatib Polyclinic*
Sembawang Polyclinic
Toa Payoh Polyclinic
Woodlands Polyclinic
Yishun Polyclinic
Alternatively, you may use their online form or through HealthHub
*from June 2024
Call 6370 6556
Bukit Batok Polyclinic
Bukit Panjang Polyclinic
Clementi Polyclinic
Pioneer Polyclinic
Alternatively, you may use their online form or email nuhsd_contact@nuhs.edu.sg
Call 6536 6000
Bedok Polyclinic
Eunos Polyclinic
Outram Polyclinic
Punggol Polyclinic
Sengkang Polyclinic
Tampines Polyclinic
Tampines North Polyclinic
Alternatively, you may use their online form.
How much does breast cancer screening cost and what does it cover?
Under Screen for Life, the subsidised mammogram at participating screening centres cost:
Pioneer
Generation
cardholders
$25
Merdeka Generation cardholders
$37.50
Eligible Singapore Citizens
$50
Permanent Residents
$75
If you are 50 years old or above, you may use your Medisave or the Medisave of an immediate family member for your mammogram at Medisave-approved centres, including those under the Medisave500 scheme.
For eligible Healthier SG (HSG)-enrolled Singapore Citizens, your screening mammogram test will be fully subsidised. Please check with your enrolled HSG clinic when you are due for your next screening.
Is there any other additional funding support?
If you have a valid Blue or Orange CHAS card, are aged 50 years or above, and have not gone for your mammogram in the last two years, there are funding assistance programmes offered by non-government organisations to help with the out-of-pocket cost of screening.
Singapore Cancer Society
You can go for a mammogram at no cost at the SCS clinic at Bishan. Terms and conditions apply. Call 1800 727 3333* to make an appointment.
*Kindly note that airtime charges apply for mobile calls to 1800 service lines and calls are free of charge only if made from regular land lines.
How long do I have to wait for the appointment date?
It will depend on your preferred slot and the availabilities of the screening centres. Please call your preferred centre to check.
Can I still go for mammogram if I just had my COVID-19 vaccination?
Some people may experience enlarged/swollen lymph nodes after the COVID-19 vaccination. This may affect the interpretation of the mammogram results.
You are encouraged to schedule your mammogram appointment before the first vaccine dose or at least four weeks after the final vaccine dose.
What is a mammogram and how does it screen for breast cancer?
Mammograms are a low-dose X-ray examination to detect abnormal breast tissue. The breast is gently compressed between two plates, one breast at a time, for a few seconds to get a clear X-ray image of the breast.
Radiologists use these images to check for abnormalities that need further investigation. A mammogram is the most accurate way to detect breast cancer before it can even be seen or felt.
The X-ray only takes 10 to 15 seconds, and the whole procedure will take about 30 minutes.
How do I prepare for a mammogram?
Before screening
Schedule your test at least one week after your menstrual period. This minimises discomfort as your breasts are less tender and sensitive.
Day of screening
Do not apply deodorant, perfume, powder, or ointment in the underarm area or on your breasts as this may affect the X-ray.
Wear a comfortable two-piece outfit as you will need to undress from the waist up.
Is the mammogram painful?
You may experience slight discomfort lasting only 10 to 15 seconds when the breast gets compressed. Please follow the instructions of your radiographer to reduce discomfort.
How and when will I know my results?
You will receive a letter with your results within four weeks after screening. Please note that there will be no medical report given. If you do not receive your results after four weeks, please call 1800 223 1313* to enquire.
*Kindly note that airtime charges apply for mobile calls to 1800 service lines and calls are free of charge only if made from regular land lines.
My results on the letter states that the mammogram result is normal. Should I go for breast cancer screening again?
Yes. Even though your latest mammogram result is normal, regular screening is still encouraged as breast tissue can change over time. You are recommended to go for breast cancer screening every year if you are between 40 to 49 years old, and every two years if you are 50 years old or above.
My results on the letter states that the mammogram result is abnormal. What does that mean?
It does not mean that you have cancer. It means that the radiologist has noticed something abnormal in the breast tissue, so further tests are required. For more information, please refer to ‘Assessment’.
post screening
Having an abnormal result does not necessarily mean you have breast cancer. Further tests are needed to confirm the cause of the abnormality.
Sometimes follow-up tests may indicate a benign breast condition, or simply normal breast tissue. 9 out of 10 women who need follow-up tests will have normal results.
However, it is important not to delay assessment because if the abnormality is caused by cancer, it is best to get diagnosed and treated at the earliest possible stage for better success of treatment.
How do I make an appointment?
You are recommended to call and make an appointment at one of the Assessment Centres below within two weeks of receiving your results.
Changi General Hospital
Khoo Teck Puat Hospital
How much does the assessment cost?
The cost will depend on the tests performed. Please check with the Assessment Centre on the prevailing subsidies that apply.
What can I expect from the specialist consult?
A doctor will advise what tests are suitable for you depending on your mammogram result.
Can I choose to see a specific doctor?
Under the subsidised assessment, you are not able to choose your own doctor. By choosing to see a doctor of your choice for assessment, you will be considered as a private patient and the costs will no longer be subsidised.
What tests are included in an assessment?
Depending on your mammogram result, the doctor at the Assessment Centre may conduct different tests.
Repeat mammogram
Views the abnormal area(s) again to help confirm the findings.
Preparing for it:
The same as your first mammogram.
Ultrasound
Views breast tissue using sound waves.
Preparing for it:
No preparation needed.
Biopsy
Removes fluid or tissue sample from the abnormal area for analysis. Only a small number of women will need this test.
Preparing for it:
The doctor will provide further advice during the assessment.
How and when will I know my results?
You will be informed of your results either on the same day of the assessment or at the next follow-up appointment.
What are the treatment options for breast cancer?
Treatment options for breast cancer depend on:
- stage of breast cancer (early or late)
- type of cancer cells
- your age and general health
Possible treatment options include:
Breast surgery
Removes section of breast with cancer cells
Radiation therapy
Uses X-rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumours
Chemotherapy
Uses drugs to destroy cancer cells
Hormone therapy
Stops hormone-responsive cancer cells from growing
How much does the treatment cost and is there any financial aid available?
Treatment cost ultimately depends on the treatment option(s) that you are recommended.
Good, affordable basic healthcare is available to Singapore Citizens through subsidised medical services offered at public hospitals and polyclinics. Medisave, MediShield Life, ElderShield, CareShield and MediFund schemes can help Singapore Citizens offset their medical expenses.
ARE YOU ELIGIBLE FOR SUBSIDISED SCREENING?
Find out which screening test(s) and subsidies
you are eligible for by logging in with your Singpass.
Your eligibility depends on your age, sex,
pre-existing conditions and your last screening date.
CONTACT US
If you would like to reach out to us directly, we are also available through email.
